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  axios笔记
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  <h3 id="什么是axios"><a href="#什么是axios" class="headerlink" title="什么是axios"></a>什么是axios</h3><p>一个基于<strong>Promise</strong>的HTPP库，可以在浏览器、node.js中运行</p>
<h3 id="特性"><a href="#特性" class="headerlink" title="特性"></a>特性</h3><ul>
<li>从浏览器创建XMLHttpRequests</li>
<li>从Node.js中创建http请求</li>
<li>支持Promise API</li>
<li>拦截请求和响应</li>
<li>转换请求数据和响应数据（then中操作？）</li>
<li>取消请求</li>
<li>自动转换JSON数据</li>
<li>客户端支持防御XSRF</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="安装"><a href="#安装" class="headerlink" title="安装"></a>安装</h3><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install axios	</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="get请求"><a href="#get请求" class="headerlink" title="get请求"></a>get请求</h3><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 直接在url中配置 /user?ID=1</span></span><br><span class="line">axios.get(url[,config])</span><br><span class="line">	.then(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">res</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">// 对数据进行处理</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;)</span><br><span class="line">	.catch(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">err</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    	<span class="comment">//异常处理</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 对象传参 也就是post隐藏传参</span></span><br><span class="line">axios.get(url,&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    	<span class="attr">params</span>:&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        	ID=<span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">    	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;)</span><br><span class="line">	.then(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">res</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">// 数据处理</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;)</span><br><span class="line">	.catch(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">err</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    	<span class="comment">//异常处理</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="post请求"><a href="#post请求" class="headerlink" title="post请求"></a>post请求</h3><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">axios.post(url,&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">id</span>:<span class="number">1</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">name</span>:<span class="string">&quot;flevena&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">age</span>:<span class="number">21</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line">.then(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">res</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 数据处理</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line">.catch(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">err</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 异常处理</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="多请求同步（并发）"><a href="#多请求同步（并发）" class="headerlink" title="多请求同步（并发）"></a>多请求同步（并发）</h3><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">doGet1</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> axios.get(<span class="string">&#x27;/user/name1&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">doGet2</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> axios.get(<span class="string">&#x27;/user/name2&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 多请求</span></span><br><span class="line">axios.all([doGet1(),doGet2()])</span><br><span class="line">	.then(axios.spread(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">acct,perms</span>)</span>&#123;	<span class="comment">//回调函数</span></span><br><span class="line">    	<span class="comment">//当两个请求都执行后，执行此处</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;))</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="axios-API"><a href="#axios-API" class="headerlink" title="axios API"></a>axios API</h3><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">axios(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// or post</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">method</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;get&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 会自动加在url之前</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">baseURL</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;https://localhost:8080/&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">url</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;/user/user1&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 作为请求主体(request.body)被发送的数据</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 只适用于 put\post\ptach 请求方法</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">data</span>:&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="attr">id</span>:<span class="number">1</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="attr">name</span>:<span class="string">&quot;flevena&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="attr">age</span>:<span class="number">21</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 随请求一起发送的 url参数</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 在url中表现为？ID=12345&amp;NAME=FENG&amp;AGE=21</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">params</span>:&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="attr">ID</span>:<span class="number">12345</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="attr">NAME</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;FENG&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="attr">AGE</span>:<span class="number">21</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 设置请求头</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">header</span>:&#123;&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 超过x后，请求中断（单位：毫秒）</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">timeout</span>:<span class="number">1000</span>,</span><br><span class="line">      </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 服务器响应数据类型；</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// arraybuffer blob document json</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">responseType</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;json&#x27;</span>,	<span class="comment">// default</span></span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 服务器编码类型</span></span><br><span class="line">    responseEncoding：<span class="string">&#x27;utf8&#x27;</span>,	<span class="comment">// default</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h3 id="服务器响应的消息结构"><a href="#服务器响应的消息结构" class="headerlink" title="服务器响应的消息结构"></a>服务器响应的消息结构</h3><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 服务器的响应</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">data</span>:&#123;&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 响应状态码</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">state</span>:</span><br><span class="line">   	</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 响应状态信息</span></span><br><span class="line">    stateText:</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 响应头</span></span><br><span class="line">    headers:</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 请求提供的配置信息</span></span><br><span class="line">    config</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>





<h3 id="axios-配置"><a href="#axios-配置" class="headerlink" title="axios 配置"></a>axios 配置</h3><p><strong>全局配置：</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">axios.defaults.baseURL = <span class="string">&#x27;https://127.0.0.1:8080/&#x27;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>自定义axios并配置：</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 配置具有优先级，后者会覆盖前者</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> myAxios = axios.create(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">baseURL</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;https://127.0.0.1:8080/&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br><span class="line">myAxios.defaults.timeout = <span class="number">5</span>*<span class="number">1000</span>;</span><br><span class="line">myAxios(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">type</span>:<span class="string">&quot;get&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">params</span>:&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="attr">id</span>:<span class="number">1</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="attr">name</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;flevena&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">timeout</span>:<span class="number">10</span>*<span class="number">1000</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="拦截器"><a href="#拦截器" class="headerlink" title="拦截器"></a>拦截器</h3><p>请求、响应拦截器的使用：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 初步认识，拦截器都是只有一个</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 请求拦截器</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> myRequestInterceptor = axios.interceptors.request.use(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">config</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 在请求发送前，做一些什么事情</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> config;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;,<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">error</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 请求错误时，做些什么</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="built_in">Promise</span>.reject(error)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 响应拦截器</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> myResponseInterceptor = axios.interceptors.reponse.use(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">response</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 对响应数据，做一些什么事情</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> response;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;,<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">error</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 响应错误时，做些什么</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="built_in">Promise</span>.reject(error)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>移除拦截器：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">axios.interceptors.request.eject(myRequestInterceptor);</span><br><span class="line">axios.interceptors.response.eject(myResponseInterceptor);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>





<h3 id="取消请求"><a href="#取消请求" class="headerlink" title="取消请求"></a>取消请求</h3><blockquote>
<p>使用 cancel token 取消请求</p>
</blockquote>
 
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